Plumb-level.



W. H. MORHOW.

PLUMB LEVEL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28, 1914. 1,236,748.- `Pa1en1edAug.14,1917.

O) @IIIIIII WILLIAM H. MORROW, OF MILAN, MISSOURI.

:PLUME-LEVEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

Application led March 28, 1914. Serial No. 827,981.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, WnLrAM H. Monnow, a citizen of the United States,residing at Milan, in the county of Sullivan and State of Missouri, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Plumb-Levels, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to plumb-levels and has for an object to providea device of this character embodying means for taking measurements atvarious angles to the axes of the device.

Another object consists in the provision of a device which can be usedequally well by carpenters, masons, plumbers, etc., and which has meansprovided for determining the level and plumb of an object in oneoperation.

A further object of this invention is to 20, provide a plumb level whichmay be used to advantage in connection with a straight edge and whichhas spirit levels attached thereto whereby the operator may determinethe level of the device when taking the horizontal or perpendicularmeasurements of an object.

Other objects as well as the nature, characteristic features and scopeof my invention will be more readily understood from the followingdescription, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings andpointed out in the claims forming a part of this specification, wherein-Figure 1 is a circumferential sectional view taken through the frame ofmy device and showing the manner in which the various lines areassociated.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1, and,

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 8 3 of Fig. 1.

As illustrated in the drawings, the invention comprises a circular frame1 which has its outer periphery graduated into the def grees of acircle, certain of which degrees are represented by the openings 2.These openings are apportioned olf into two diametrically oppositegroups as shown, the uppermost opening 3 of one group alining verticallywith the lowermost opening 4 of the opposite group; both of theseopenings being arranged co-incident with the vertical axis of the frame1, which in this invention is represented by the plumb line 7. Openings5 and 6 are adapted to aline with each other upon a horizontal plane andpermit the passing of a level line 8 through the frame at right anglesto the plumb line 7. This line 8 constitutes the horizontal axis of theinvention and is used for determining the level or horizontalmeasurements of an object.

An auxiliary line 9 is employed to assist the operator in taking anglesof various degrees from the plumb line 7 or level line 8 and is termedthe angle line of the invention.

The number of degrees marked between the openings 3 and 5 are arrangedto correspond with those degrees designated between openings L and 6 andany angle may be found by simply passing the line 9 through thoseopenings which represent the desired number of degrees in that angle. Insuch an operation it is of course necessary that either the plumb line 7or the level line 9 be utilized to determine the exact level or plumbupon which to base the angular measurements.

Members 10 and 11 are secured to the lower portion of the frame 1 andproject upwardly and 'outwardly therefrom to provide supports for thearms 17 and 18 of the respective cross pieces, 12 and 18. These crosspieces are positioned within the frame of each side of the openings 5and 6, extending parallel with the line 8, and carrying spirit levels 15and 16, which assist the operator in maintaining the level of the line 8when determining horizontal measurements. The arms 17 and 18 extend atright angles from the center of the frame and are provided with thespirit levels 19 and 2O respectively. The levels are thus disposedradially about the lines 7-8-9 and coperate in determining the exactplumb or level of a desired object, since it is necessary that each ofthe four spirit bubbles register an exact level of the frame before itcan be assumed that the line 7 is perpendicular or plumb.

In using my device on a straight edge as a plumb rule, for plumbingwindow frames, etc., screws or other fastening means are insertedthrough openingsQQ, formed in the support 11 and arm 12.

Openings 21 are provided upon the opposite side of the frame for asimilar purpose but it is to beunderstood that such openings may beplaced wherever it may be convenient for the attachment thereto of astraight edge.

In the operation of this invention, the Y frame l is slidably mountedupon theY plumb line 7, the circumference of the opening 3 and ethowever being suflicient to aord a frictional contact with the line, sothat the frame may be supported in any adjusted position. In using thedevice one end of the line 7 is attached to a suitable support and theother end is extended and adjusted either to the right or left until thespirit bubbles indicate the line 7 is plumb. To determine the horizontalmeasurements or level of anything the line 8 is extended in oppositedirections from the frame and the levels and 16 notify the operator Whenthe line 1s level. After the plumb or level of the frame has beendetermined any angle may be formed by passing the line 9 through theopening designating the required degrees as before described.

1t will be understood that the above description and accompanyingdrawings comprehend only the general and preferred embodiment of myinvention and that various minor changes in the details of constructionproportion and arrangement of parts may be made Within the scope of theappended claims and Without sacrificing any o the advantages of myinvention.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. A plumb level including a frame providedWith diametrically opposed series of openings which are arranged inalined pairs certain of which pairs are positioned coincident With thevertical and horizontal axes respectively of the frame, means arrangedthrough said certain alined pairs of openings to designate the said axesof the frame, the remaining pairs of alined openings being positionedbetween said certain alined pairs to denote predetermined degrees of acircle, and means mountable in any of said remaining pairs of alinedopenings for co-action with said first means to obtain accuratemeasurements at angles to the axes of said frame.

2. A plumb level including a frame provided With diametrically opposedseries of openings which are arranged in alined pairs certain of whichare positioned co-incident with the vertical and horizontal axesrespectively, of the frame, means arranged through said certain alinedpairs of openings to designate the said axes of the frame, the remainingpairs of alined openings being positioned between said certain alinedpairs to denote predetermined degrees of a circle, means mountable inany of said remaining pairs of alined openings for co-action Withsaidlirst means to obtain accurate measurements at anglesto the axes ofsaid frame, and visible means carried by said frame whereby the plumband level of the device may be ascertained.

8. VAplumb level including a plumb line, a. circular frame slidablymounted upon said plumb line and provided with vertically andhorizontally alined pairs of openings respectively arranged co-incidentto the axes of co-incident respectively to the vertical and horizontalaxes of said frame, a plumb line arranged through said vertically alinedpair of openings to designate the vertical axis of the -frame, a levelline arranged through the horizontally alined pair of openings todesignate the horizontal axis of the frame,

spirit levels carried by the frame in parallel relation to said levelline, a plurality of other alined pairs of openings provided in saidframe and means arranged to pass transversely of the center of saidframe and through any of said other alined pairs of openings, todetermine measurements at angles to said plumb and level lines.

5. The combination With a plumb line of a frame member mounted upon saidline and having openings formed therein to permit the passage of variouslines therethrough transversely-to said plumb line, and a plurality ofspirit levels secured to said frame and arranged in substantially radialposition relative to said plumb-line.

6. A plumb level including a circularv frame pierced circumferentiallywith Openings denoting predetermined degrees of a circle and arranged inalined pairs, certain of said alined pairs of openings positioned toaccommodate means passing through said frame at right angles to eachother and designating, respectively, the vertical and horizontal axes ofsaid frame, spaced levelbearing cross pieces carried by said frame andarranged parallel with the horizontal axis thereof for determining thelevel of the frame, and means mountable in any of the alined pairs ofopenings intervening between said vertical and horizontal axes andcoacting with said first means to obtain measurements at angles to thesaid axes of the frame.

7 A plumb level including a circular Jframe pierced circumferentiallyWith openings designating pre-determined degrees of a circle andarranged in alined pairs, certain of said alined pairs of openingspositioned to accommodate means passing through said frame at rightangles to each other and designating respectively the vertical andhorizontal aXes of the frame, spaced cross pieces arranged within theframe in alinement with the horizontal axis thereof, laterally extendingarms formed on said cross pieces, supports for said arms carried by saidframe, spirit levels disposed upon each of said Cross pieces and armsfor determining the exact level of said frame, and means l0 mountable inany of the alined pairs of openings intervening between said verticaland horizontal axes and co-aeting with said irst means to obtainmeasurements at angies to the said axes of vthe frame.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature l5 Copies of this patent may beobtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,Washington, D. C.

